Chapter 9 – Items to Review

Terms/People/Places to Know:

• telegraph
• capitalism
• entrepreneur
• steel plow
• steamboat
• mechanical reaper
• specialization
• market revolution
• John Deere
• Cyrus McCormick
• Charles Goodyear
• Samuel F.B. Morse

Concepts for the Market Revolution:

• Results of Industrialization?
• Improved standard of living
• Why did railroads surpass traditional means of transportation?

Westward Expansion/Manifest Destiny Topics:

• What is manifest destiny?
• Why were Americans originally encouraged to settle in Texas?
• Texas settlement: empresarios; Stephen Austin; why did Texas seek independence?
• Texas Independence: Battle at the Alamo (1836)
• Why did Jackson and Van Buren not annex Texas when it became independent in 1836?
• Fort Laramie Treaty – agreement made? who eventually broke the agreement?
• assimilation
• Santa Fe Trail – where did it lead?
• Oregon Trail – where did it lead? what was travel like?
• Mormons: Brigham Young and Joseph Smith; Mormon Trail to Utah
• Webster-Ashburton Treaty (1842)

Mexican-American War Topics:

• Election of 1844: What was the slogan, “Fifty-four forty” or fight in reference to?
• Why did Whig Party members oppose the Mexican-American War?
• Wilmot Proviso (1846)
• John C. Frémont and California
• Know the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo (1848)

Results of the Mexican-American War:

• “Forty-niners” – California Gold Rush / social effects
• Gadsden Purchase (1853)